#NEW MADRID SEISMAC ZONE LENGTH CODE#

So we maintained constant weather recording since the station at Heard Island was established in 1947, so that's the primary one. Joe Johnson: Basically those aspects that haven't changed, the first would be meteorology, and that I think is one of the prime reasons we do keep these stations open because much of Australia's weather originates in the Antarctic and sort of blows north from there. Has the nature of the science done there changed over these decades? The first of the Australian research bases, Mawson, was established in 1954 and is the oldest continuously inhabited station south of the Antarctic Circle. Keri Phillips: We'll hear a bit more about the Antarctic Treaty soon but one of its rules is that the Antarctic stations must only be used for scientific work. Under the Antarctic Treaty all those territorial claims are suspended, but they haven't been removed. And as one of the foundations for a claim at international law is occupation, I think, to be quite honest, one of the reasons that Australia maintains its Antarctic presence there is to maintain a long-term interest in the area.

But those stations have been established progressively since 1954. Mawson and Davis are relatively close together, and then you swing around the coast quite some distance to Casey. That claim is upheld by three permanent stations, one at Casey, one at Davis and one at Mawson. Joe Johnson: Well, Australia's claim covers 43% of the total land mass of the Antarctic continent, so it's a very large area. It was signed by the 12 countries whose scientists had been active in the area during what was called the International Geophysical Year of 1957-'58.ĭr Joe Johnson is the president of the ANARE Club, ANARE being the acronym for Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions. Keri Phillips: Australia's then foreign minister, Richard Casey, discussing the Antarctic Treaty in 1959. But it means more than that, it means that now Australia can go ahead with our research work in the Antarctic in our quite large Australian sector of the Antarctic without any doubts or fears about the future. In fact it's the first time in the world's history that any large area of the country has been secure from the military point of view. Richard Casey : From the defence point of view, the Antarctic Treaty entails the non-militarisation of the Antarctic, which in itself is quite an achievement. Today on Rear Vision, the story of Heard Island and the international treaty that preserved the frozen continent for science. Although just outside the Antarctic Circle, it became the birthplace of Australia's post-war research in Antarctica.

Seventy years ago Australia set up a research station on a tiny windswept volcanic speck of land called Heard Island.

#NEW MADRID SEISMAC ZONE LENGTH CODE#

The seismic design provisions of the International Building Code (IBC-2000) and the International Residential Code (IRC-2000) are both currently being considered for adoption by local political jurisdictions across the U.S., and have generated much concern and controversy as to the accuracy and validity of the new seismic provisions in the Central and Eastern United States, and particularly in the New Madrid Seismic Zone (NMSZ).Keri Phillips: Hello, this is Rear Vision with Keri Phillips. Seismic hazard assessments affect building code design requirements (i.e., mapped design ground motions), construction guidelines, building costs, insurance rates, expected consequences of future earthquake activity, and regional economies as a whole.

While housing construction in the United States is generally considered to be earthquake-resistant in comparison to many forms of construction found worldwide, the assessment of seismic hazard has significant implications with regard to the balance of housing affordability and safety. The assessment of earthquake hazard has been a long-standing concern in areas known to be prone to earthquakes.

New madrid seismac zone length